Faculty Practice · Mount Sinai Health System · Upper East Side, NYC
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Alfred Iloreta, MD Director · Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery
Research · Surgical intelligence

AI, applied to the operating room.

The lab's machine-learning program asks a practical question: where can algorithms genuinely improve surgical care? Recent work spans pre-operative tumor diagnosis using automated machine learning, large language models in otolaryngology, and natural-language processing applied to surgical training and documentation.

Why it matters

Diagnosis before the operation.

Many skull base and sinonasal tumors are diagnosed definitively only after surgery, when pathology examines the specimen. The group's Communications Medicine study demonstrated that an accessible, automated machine-learning platform can help predict tumor diagnosis before surgery from pre-operative data — informing the surgical plan rather than following it.

Parallel work examines large language models like GPT-4 in otolaryngology — capabilities and ethics — and applies NLP at scale to the profession itself, from operative-note coding to bias detection in training and recommendation letters.

Key publications

Selected papers.

  • Utilizing a publicly accessible automated machine learning platform to enable diagnosis before tumor surgery. Communications Medicine, 2025. PubMed · DOI
  • Can GPT-4 revolutionize otolaryngology? Navigating opportunities and ethical considerations. American Journal of Otolaryngology, 2024. PubMed · DOI
  • Replicating Current Procedural Terminology code assignment of rhinology operative notes using machine learning. World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery, 2024. PubMed · DOI
  • Machine Learning for Predictive Analysis of Otolaryngology Residency Letters of Recommendation. The Laryngoscope, 2024. PubMed

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